Nginx是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发高性能的 Web和 反向代理 服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。去年时间听说Igor Sysoev被俄罗斯警方带走了,不知道释放。博主是经常使用nginx的,比如博主的博客网站,公司前后端分离项目等等。

如果服务器是Windows系统,怎么安装与配置nginx;博主之前是使用的如下方法,把nginx安装为windows服务:

从前

1.Windows Service Wrapper

借助Windows Service Wrapper工具,下载该工具后,将其放在 Nginx安装目录下,并重命名为nginx-service.exe,创建配置文件nginx-service.xml(名字要和工具名一样),创建nginx-service.exe.config(为支持NET 4.0 runtime,默认只支持NET 2.0 runtime)

目录如下:

image-20210307154956448

2.nginx-service.xml

nginx-service.xml

<service>
  <id>nginx</id>
  <name>Nginx Service</name>
  <description>Nginx Service</description>
  <logpath>D:\xampp\nginx\logs</logpath>
  <log mode="roll-by-size">
    <sizeThreshold>10240</sizeThreshold>
    <keepFiles>8</keepFiles>
  </log>
  <executable>D:\xampp\nginx\nginx.exe</executable>
  <startarguments>-p D:\xampp\nginx</startarguments>
  <stopexecutable>D:\xampp\nginx\nginx.exe</stopexecutable>
  <stoparguments>-p D:\xampp\nginx -s stop</stoparguments>
</service>

3.nginx-service.exe.config

nginx-service.exe.config

<configuration>
  <startup>
    <supportedRuntime version="v2.0.50727" />
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" />
  </startup>
  <runtime>
    <generatePublisherEvidence enabled="false"/> 
  </runtime>
</configuration>

4.安装服务

最后powershell中运行命令:

nginx-service.exe install

img

更方便的方法

上面的方法一步步还是比较麻烦的,下面还是介绍一下博主个人认为最简单的方法,如果您还没有安装windows包管理器chocolatey,请参考博文【Tool】Windows软件包管理器——chocolatey

1.下载安装

choco install nginx

这里有两点需要注意:

  1. 通过choco安装nginx,会配套安装NSSM,这是个好东西,可以把nginx注册成windows服务,相当于linux下的SupervisorPM2
  2. 通过choco安装nginx,在命令行中,最后一次需要您同意选择y[Yes]之前,注意命令行窗口回写的内容,大致意思:即将执行C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\lib\nginx\tools\chocolateyInstall.ps1脚本:
$toolsDir = Split-Path -parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition
. "$toolsDir\helpers.ps1"
   
$pp = Get-PackageParameters
   
$arguments = @{
   packageName = $env:chocolateyPackageName
   file        = "$toolsDir\nginx-1.17.8.zip"
   destination = if ($pp.installLocation) { $pp.installLocation } else { Get-ToolsLocation }
   port        = if ($pp.Port) { $pp.Port } else { 80 }
   serviceName = if ($pp.NoService) { $null } elseif ($pp.serviceName) { $pp.serviceName } else { 'nginx' }
}
   
if (-not (Assert-TcpPortIsOpen $arguments.port)) {
   throw 'Please specify a different port number...'
}
   
Install-Nginx $arguments

注意看port那行,没错,80端口,nginx默认,所以在继续之前,请检查下80端口是否被占用,一般都是被占用的,毕竟windows服务器的IIS默认就把80端口占了,只要被占用就会安装失败。

那么怎么办?这里算是一点骚操作:您只需要编辑上面的这个脚本,把80修改为一个未被占用的端口。然后回到刚才没有选择Y的命令窗口,选择Y,继续执行,就能安装成功。

2.修改脚本

比如博主修改内容:

$toolsDir = Split-Path -parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition
. "$toolsDir\helpers.ps1"
   
$pp = Get-PackageParameters
   
$arguments = @{
   packageName = $env:chocolateyPackageName
   file        = "$toolsDir\nginx-1.17.8.zip"
   destination = if ($pp.installLocation) { $pp.installLocation } else { Get-ToolsLocation }
   port        = if ($pp.Port) { $pp.Port } else { 81 }
   serviceName = if ($pp.NoService) { $null } elseif ($pp.serviceName) { $pp.serviceName } else { 'nginx' }
}
   
if (-not (Assert-TcpPortIsOpen $arguments.port)) {
   throw 'Please specify a different port number...'
}
   
Install-Nginx $arguments

安装好的nginxC:\tools

image-20210307160432441

nginx的配置文件也会默认如下面的初始化配置:

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       81;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
}

3.安装成功

image-20210307160838686

是不是很简单?